While sex differences in the risk and presentation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are well-studied, little is known about how these extend to plasma biomarkers. Marta Milà-Alomà, PhD, Northern California Institute for Research and Education (NCIRE), San Francisco, CA, discusses recent research investigating potential sex differences in plasma biomarkers in cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals and individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The study found that plasma Aβ42/40 was associated with cognitive decline in men, in both the CU and MCI cohorts. However, p-tau181 and neurofilament light chain (NfL) associated with cognitive decline in MCI women. This is in line with previous evidence which suggests women may be more resilient to Aβ pathology in early stages of AD than men. These findings emphasize the need to consider sex differences when using plasma biomarkers in clinical trials, especially in individuals with MCI. This interview took place at the AD/PD™ 2024 congress in Lisbon, Portugal.
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